SB1112: Driving under influence of alcohol; exemplary damages, etc.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That § 8.01-44.5 of the Code of Virginia is amended and reenacted as follows:
§ 8.01-44.5. Exemplary damages for persons injured by intoxicated drivers.
In any action for personal injury or death arising from the operation of a motor vehicle, engine or train, the finder of fact may, in its discretion, award exemplary damages to the plaintiff if the evidence proves that the defendant acted with malice toward the plaintiff or the defendant's conduct was so willful or wanton as to show a conscious disregard for the rights of others.
A defendant's conduct shall be deemed sufficiently willful or wanton as to show a conscious disregard for the rights of others when the evidence proves that (i) when the incident causing the injury or death occurred, the defendant had a blood alcohol concentration of 0.15 percent or more by weight by volume or 0.15 grams or more per 210 liters of breath; (ii) at the time the defendant began drinking alcohol, or during the time he was drinking alcohol, he knew or should have known that his ability to operate a motor vehicle, engine or train would be impaired, or when he was operating a motor vehicle he knew or should have known that his ability to operate a motor vehicle was impaired; and (iii) the defendant's intoxication was a proximate cause of the injury to or death of the plaintiff. For the purposes of clause (i), it shall be rebuttably presumed that the blood alcohol concentration at the time of the incident causing injury or death was at least as high as the test result as shown in a certificate issued pursuant to § 18.2-268.9 or in a certificate of analysis for a blood test administered pursuant to an arrest for driving under the influence, provided that the test was administered within three hours of the incident causing injury or death. In addition to any other forms of proof, a party may submit a copy of a certificate issued pursuant to § 18.2-268.9 or a certificate of analysis for a blood test administered pursuant to an arrest for driving under the influence, which shall be prima facie evidence of the facts contained therein.
However, when a defendant has unreasonably refused to submit
to a test of his blood alcohol content as required by § 18.2-268.2, a
defendant's conduct shall be deemed sufficiently willful or wanton as to show a
conscious disregard for the rights of others when the evidence proves that (i)
when the incident causing the injury or death occurred the defendant was
intoxicated, which may be established by evidence concerning the conduct or
condition of the defendant; (ii) at the time the defendant began drinking
alcohol, or during the time he was drinking alcohol, he knew or should have
known that his ability to operate a motor vehicle was impaired; and (iii) the
defendant's intoxication was a proximate cause of the injury to the plaintiff
or death of the plaintiff's decedent. A In addition to any other
forms of proof, a party may submit a certified copy of a court's
determination of unreasonable refusal pursuant to § 18.2-268.3, which
shall be prima facie evidence that the defendant unreasonably refused to submit
to the test.
SENATE BILL NO. 1112
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That 8.01-44.5 of the Code of Virginia is amended and reenacted as follows:
8.01-44.5. Exemplary damages for persons injured by intoxicated drivers.
In any action for personal injury or death arising from the operation of a motor vehicle, engine or train, the finder of fact may, in its discretion, award exemplary damages to the plaintiff if the evidence proves that the defendant acted with malice toward the plaintiff or the defendant's conduct was so willful or wanton as to show a conscious disregard for the rights of others.
A defendant's conduct shall be deemed sufficiently willful or wanton as to show a conscious disregard for the rights of others when the evidence proves that (i) when the incident causing the injury or death occurred or at the time the defendant's blood or breath was tested, the defendant had a blood alcohol concentration of 0.15 percent or more by weight by volume or 0.15 grams or more per 210 liters of breath; (ii) at the time the defendant began drinking alcohol, or during the time he was drinking alcohol, he knew or should have known that his ability to operate a motor vehicle, engine or train would be impaired, or when he was operating a motor vehicle he knew or should have known that his ability to operate a motor vehicle was impaired; and (iii) the defendant's intoxication was a proximate cause of the injury to or death of the plaintiff. Following a conviction for driving under the influence under 18.2-36.1, 18.2-51.4, 18.2-266, 46.2-341.24, or a similar local ordinance, the results of a blood or breath test of the accused taken pursuant to 18.2-268.2 for the purpose of prosecuting the charge are admissible for the purpose of showing willful and wanton conduct under this section. In addition to any other forms of proof, a party may submit a copy of the certificate of analysis certified by the clerk of the court in which the conviction occurred, as well as a similarly certified record of the conviction, including the uniform summons form, which shall be prima facie evidence of the conviction and the defendant's blood alcohol content.
However, when a defendant has unreasonably refused to submit
to a test of his blood alcohol content as required by 18.2-268.2, a
defendant's conduct shall be deemed sufficiently willful or wanton as to show a
conscious disregard for the rights of others when the evidence proves that (i)
when the incident causing the injury or death occurred the defendant was
intoxicated, which may be established by evidence concerning the conduct or
condition of the defendant; (ii) at the time the defendant began drinking
alcohol, or during the time he was drinking alcohol, he knew or should have
known that his ability to operate a motor vehicle was impaired; and (iii) the
defendant's intoxication was a proximate cause of the injury to the plaintiff
or death of the plaintiff's decedent. A In addition to any other forms of proof, a party
may submit a certified copy of a court's determination of
unreasonable refusal pursuant to 18.2-268.3,
which shall be prima facie evidence that the defendant
unreasonably refused to submit to the test.